Through the analysis of films made by the Portuguese filmmakers Filipa César and Margarida Cardoso that revisit and preserve the memory related to the birth of Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique as independent nations, this course aims to reflect on cinema as a privileged medium in the process of decolonizing archive images from the Portuguese former colonies in a postcolonial time. Departing from a theoretical reflection based on the exploration of the potentialities of archival gaps and of their implications, the course will problematize, on the one hand, the impact of militant cinema in its pedagogical, epistemological, and ideological dimensions on the construction of the new nations’ identities. On the other hand, it will examine the complexity of processes of resignification underlying the aestheticization of the archive in the construction of memories for the future.